,
Zhiyong Zheng*,
Yuxin Chen,
Chaoyang Xing,
Yaonan Yue,
Xiaomeng Han,
Hansong Chen,
Shaocheng Zheng
The extract of citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) plays a significant role in medical and pharmaceutical applications due to its rich content of hesperidin, methyl hesperidin, and other compounds. However, wastewater generated from citrus extraction contains substances such as pectin, which readily encapsulate biochemical strains and inhibit their activity. This severely impairs the function of biochemical degradation processes, posing significant challenges in wastewater treatment. This project employs a “dissolved air flotation + iron-carbon fluidized bed” pretreatment process to remove pectin and enhance wastewater biodegradability, followed by a combined “upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) + anoxic-oxic (A/O)” biochemical unit to eliminate organic pollutants. Operational results indicated that the influent water quality for the project ranged from pH 4.5 to 6.5, with chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) ≤ 9800 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 40 mg/L, suspended solids (SS) ≤ 2000 mg/L. The pretreatment process achieved a pectin removal rate exceeding 87%, significantly enhanced biodegradability, and stabilized the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/CODcr ratio at approximately 0.4. The final effluent quality achieved a pH range of 6 to 9, CODcr ≤ 500 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 25 mg/L, SS ≤ 400 mg/L, consistently meeting the discharge standards specified in the “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard” (GB 8978-1996) for pipe discharge. This combined process offers stable and reliable effluent quality with simple and efficient management. It holds significant reference value and promising application prospects for wastewater treatment in industries such as plant extraction and fruit processing.
| Published in | American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 11, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13 |
| Page(s) | 130-137 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Biodegradation, Dissolved Air Flotation, Iron-carbon Reaction, Plant Extract
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APA Style
Fan, X., Zheng, Z., Chen, Y., Xing, C., Yue, Y., et al. (2025). Case Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Project for Citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) Extract Production. American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 11(4), 130-137. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13
ACS Style
Fan, X.; Zheng, Z.; Chen, Y.; Xing, C.; Yue, Y., et al. Case Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Project for Citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) Extract Production. Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2025, 11(4), 130-137. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13,
author = {Xiaoling Fan and Zhiyong Zheng and Yuxin Chen and Chaoyang Xing and Yaonan Yue and Xiaomeng Han and Can Li and Hansong Chen and Shaocheng Zheng},
title = {Case Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Project for Citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) Extract Production},
journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
volume = {11},
number = {4},
pages = {130-137},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20251104.13},
abstract = {The extract of citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) plays a significant role in medical and pharmaceutical applications due to its rich content of hesperidin, methyl hesperidin, and other compounds. However, wastewater generated from citrus extraction contains substances such as pectin, which readily encapsulate biochemical strains and inhibit their activity. This severely impairs the function of biochemical degradation processes, posing significant challenges in wastewater treatment. This project employs a “dissolved air flotation + iron-carbon fluidized bed” pretreatment process to remove pectin and enhance wastewater biodegradability, followed by a combined “upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) + anoxic-oxic (A/O)” biochemical unit to eliminate organic pollutants. Operational results indicated that the influent water quality for the project ranged from pH 4.5 to 6.5, with chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) ≤ 9800 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 40 mg/L, suspended solids (SS) ≤ 2000 mg/L. The pretreatment process achieved a pectin removal rate exceeding 87%, significantly enhanced biodegradability, and stabilized the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/CODcr ratio at approximately 0.4. The final effluent quality achieved a pH range of 6 to 9, CODcr ≤ 500 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 25 mg/L, SS ≤ 400 mg/L, consistently meeting the discharge standards specified in the “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard” (GB 8978-1996) for pipe discharge. This combined process offers stable and reliable effluent quality with simple and efficient management. It holds significant reference value and promising application prospects for wastewater treatment in industries such as plant extraction and fruit processing.},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Case Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Project for Citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) Extract Production AU - Xiaoling Fan AU - Zhiyong Zheng AU - Yuxin Chen AU - Chaoyang Xing AU - Yaonan Yue AU - Xiaomeng Han AU - Can Li AU - Hansong Chen AU - Shaocheng Zheng Y1 - 2025/12/17 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13 DO - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13 T2 - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering JF - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering JO - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering SP - 130 EP - 137 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-1875 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20251104.13 AB - The extract of citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) plays a significant role in medical and pharmaceutical applications due to its rich content of hesperidin, methyl hesperidin, and other compounds. However, wastewater generated from citrus extraction contains substances such as pectin, which readily encapsulate biochemical strains and inhibit their activity. This severely impairs the function of biochemical degradation processes, posing significant challenges in wastewater treatment. This project employs a “dissolved air flotation + iron-carbon fluidized bed” pretreatment process to remove pectin and enhance wastewater biodegradability, followed by a combined “upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) + anoxic-oxic (A/O)” biochemical unit to eliminate organic pollutants. Operational results indicated that the influent water quality for the project ranged from pH 4.5 to 6.5, with chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) ≤ 9800 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 40 mg/L, suspended solids (SS) ≤ 2000 mg/L. The pretreatment process achieved a pectin removal rate exceeding 87%, significantly enhanced biodegradability, and stabilized the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/CODcr ratio at approximately 0.4. The final effluent quality achieved a pH range of 6 to 9, CODcr ≤ 500 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen ≤ 25 mg/L, SS ≤ 400 mg/L, consistently meeting the discharge standards specified in the “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard” (GB 8978-1996) for pipe discharge. This combined process offers stable and reliable effluent quality with simple and efficient management. It holds significant reference value and promising application prospects for wastewater treatment in industries such as plant extraction and fruit processing. VL - 11 IS - 4 ER -
College of Xingzhi, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
Delang Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
College of Xingzhi, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
Jinhua Ecological Environment Emergency and Monitoring Center, Jinhua, China
College of Xingzhi, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
College of Xingzhi, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
College of Xingzhi, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
College of Xingzhi, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
